Epigenetic modulation of inflammation and synaptic plasticity by polyphenolic metabolites promotes resilience against stress in mice

Giulio Maria Pasinetti Malta Polyphenols 2019

Prof. Giulio Maria Pasinetti from Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA will join the Malta Polyphenols 2019 Congress and give a presentation entitlled "Epigenetic modulation of inflammation and synaptic plasticity by polyphenolic metabolites promotes resilience against stress in mice".

Summary of presentation: Major depressive disorder is associated with abnormalities in the brain and the immune system. Here, through a high-throughput screening, we identify two phytochemicals, dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA) and malvidin-3'-O-glucoside (Mal-gluc) that are effective in promoting resilience against psychological stress-induced depression. We discuss the ability of DHCA/Mal-gluc to significantly reduces  depression-like phenotypes in a mouse model of increased systemic inflammation induced by transplantation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from stress-susceptible mice. DHCA reduces pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6) generations by inhibiting DNA methylation at the CpG-rich IL-6 sequences introns 1 and 3, while Mal-gluc modulates synaptic plasticity by increasing histone acetylation of the regulatory sequences of the Rac1 gene. This study suggests that polyphenolic metabolites capable of influencing peripheral inflammation and synaptic maladaptation may eventually be implemented as novel therapeutic interventions for promotion of mental health.

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